Evaluación del Estado de Conservación en Edificación tras Sismo
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2015
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Abstract
Tras producirse un terremoto, se hace imprescindible conocer el estado en el que se
encuentran las edificaciones que hayan podido verse afectadas, tanto de los bienes inmuebles
comunes, como de aquellos que tengan la calificación de Bien de Interés Cultural (BIC) y el
de sus construcciones anejas, dada su importancia, a través de ensayos y técnicas de
obtención de información, que posteriormente sirvan como base para la redacción del
proyecto del Restauración. Mediante la presente investigación se aborda el tema,
presentando un plan integral de evaluación de daños, donde a su vez se analizan los
ensayos, de campo y de laboratorio, más adecuados a realizar en cada caso.
La metodología que se plantea para realizar dicha inspección tiene un claro objetivo: realizar
un profundo y acertado diagnóstico de los daños que presenten las edificaciones, como
herramienta básica para realizar una correcta intervención, con suficiente rigor, ya que en
base a ese diagnóstico se van a tomar decisiones decisivas para recuperar la integridad de la
edificación.
En primer lugar, debe plantearse la fase de inspección, el chequeo a realizar, los ensayos más
adecuados a llevar a cabo y la completa toma de datos, para la confección de un diagnóstico
fiable del estado en que se encuentra el inmueble.
Se deben tener claros los criterios de actuación, totalmente independientes, para diseñar el
Plan de Inspección y Diagnóstico del edificio, en cuestión. Asimismo se deben fijar los
criterios de toma de datos, de inspección, de investigación, el plan de ensayos pertinentes y
todo lo necesario para finalmente emitir el diagnóstico más fiable.
En definitiva, mediante la presente comunicación, se pretende, exponer el desarrollo de un
esquema práctico y concreto para llevar a cabo un estudio de las lesiones que presente un
inmueble, tras verse afectado por un fenómeno sísmico, estableciendo un modelo de
actuación y dando unas pautas claras y prácticas de cómo actuar ante casos similares.
After an earthquake occurs, it is essential to know the state in which find the buildings that may have been affected, both of the real estate common, as those that have the qualification of Cultural Interest Asset (BIC) and the of its annexed buildings, given their importance, through trials and techniques of obtaining information, which subsequently serve as a basis for the drafting of the Restoration project. Through the present investigation the subject is approached, presenting a comprehensive damage assessment plan, which in turn analyzes the tests, field and laboratory, more suitable to perform in each case. The methodology proposed to carry out this inspection has a clear objective: to carry out a deep and accurate diagnosis of the damages presented by the buildings, such as basic tool to perform a correct intervention, with sufficient rigor, since in Based on this diagnosis, decisive decisions will be taken to recover the integrity of the edification. In the first place, the inspection phase, the check to be carried out, the most suitable to carry out and the complete data collection, for the preparation of a diagnosis reliable of the state in which the property is located. The criteria for action, totally independent, must be clear in order to design the Plan of Inspection and Diagnosis of the building, in question. Likewise, the criteria for data collection, inspection, research, the relevant trial plan and everything necessary to finally emit the most reliable diagnosis. In short, through this communication, it is intended to expose the development of a practical and concrete scheme to carry out a study of the injuries presented by a property, after being affected by a seismic phenomenon, establishing a model of acting and giving clear and practical guidelines on how to act in similar cases.
After an earthquake occurs, it is essential to know the state in which find the buildings that may have been affected, both of the real estate common, as those that have the qualification of Cultural Interest Asset (BIC) and the of its annexed buildings, given their importance, through trials and techniques of obtaining information, which subsequently serve as a basis for the drafting of the Restoration project. Through the present investigation the subject is approached, presenting a comprehensive damage assessment plan, which in turn analyzes the tests, field and laboratory, more suitable to perform in each case. The methodology proposed to carry out this inspection has a clear objective: to carry out a deep and accurate diagnosis of the damages presented by the buildings, such as basic tool to perform a correct intervention, with sufficient rigor, since in Based on this diagnosis, decisive decisions will be taken to recover the integrity of the edification. In the first place, the inspection phase, the check to be carried out, the most suitable to carry out and the complete data collection, for the preparation of a diagnosis reliable of the state in which the property is located. The criteria for action, totally independent, must be clear in order to design the Plan of Inspection and Diagnosis of the building, in question. Likewise, the criteria for data collection, inspection, research, the relevant trial plan and everything necessary to finally emit the most reliable diagnosis. In short, through this communication, it is intended to expose the development of a practical and concrete scheme to carry out a study of the injuries presented by a property, after being affected by a seismic phenomenon, establishing a model of acting and giving clear and practical guidelines on how to act in similar cases.
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