Revisión sistemática sobre la calidad de vida de los pacientes con pie diabético mediante cuestionarios de salud
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2021-07-16
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Introducción: en los últimos años ha aumentado notablemente el interés
poblacional por la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. El pie diabético es
una complicación severa de la diabetes que causa infecciones, ulceración y
gangrena de los miembros inferiores pudiendo derivar en amputaciones que
incapacitarán al enfermero parcial o definitivamente. Conocer la forma en la que
estos pacientes perciben su salud o el impacto de la patología en su vida diaria,
mediante herramientas como los Cuestionarios de Salud, permite a los
profesionales una mejor valoración de su estado global, conocer sus
necesidades y establecer una meta real para su tratamiento optimizando la
gestión del cuidado. Objetivos: el propósito de esta revisión es conocer la calidad
de vida de los pacientes con pie diabético empleando como herramienta
Cuestionarios de Salud. Metodología: se ha realizado una revisión sistemática
de artículos siguiendo el método PRISMA en diversas bases de datos. Los
términos utilizados como directorios científicos MeSH han sido: “patient health
questionnaire”, “quality of life”, “diabetic foot”, “foot ulcer” y “amputation”.
Resultados: se han seleccionado un total de 6 estudios observacionales con un
riesgo de sesgo moderado o bajo, publicados entre 2016 y 2021 en los que se
medía la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de pacientes con pie diabético
mediante distintos Cuestionarios de Salud que reflejaron la vulnerabilidad de
estos pacientes Conclusiones: la calidad de vida de los pacientes con pie
diabético es considerablemente frágil y es importante emplear Cuestionarios de
Salud como EQ-5D, HAQ-20, Edmont Frail Scale, SF-12, SF-36 y DFS-SF para
detectar a tiempo la debilidad física, emocional y social y el déficit de autocuidado
permitiendo llevar a cabo un adecuado tratamiento.
Introduction: interest in health-related quality of life has increased significantly in recent years. Diabetic foot is a serious condition of diabetes that causes infection, ulceration and gangrene of the lower limbs, thus leading to amputations that will partially or permanently incapacitate them. Knowing how these patients see their health or the impact of this pathology in their daily life using tools like health questionnaires, can let professionals assess their overall condition, know their needs and set a real goal for their treatment. Objectives: the aim of this work is to know the quality of life of patients with diabetic foot using health questionnaires as a tool. Methodology: a systematic review of articles has been carried out following the PRISMA method in several data bases. The terms used as MeSH scientific directories have been: “patient health questionnaire”, “quality of life”, “diabetic foot”, “foot ulcer” and “amputation”. Results: a total amount of 6 observational studies with a moderate or low bias risk published between 2016 and 2021 have been chosen. They measured health-related quality of life in patients with diabetic foot through different health questionnaires that showed these patients’ vulnerability. Conclusions: quality of life in patients with diabetic foot is considerably fragile and it is important to use a health questionnaire like EQ-5D, HAQ-20, Edmont Frail Scale, SF-12, SF-36 and DFS-SF to detect physical, emotional and social weakness in time, as well as self-care deficit, allowing for an adequate treatment.
Introduction: interest in health-related quality of life has increased significantly in recent years. Diabetic foot is a serious condition of diabetes that causes infection, ulceration and gangrene of the lower limbs, thus leading to amputations that will partially or permanently incapacitate them. Knowing how these patients see their health or the impact of this pathology in their daily life using tools like health questionnaires, can let professionals assess their overall condition, know their needs and set a real goal for their treatment. Objectives: the aim of this work is to know the quality of life of patients with diabetic foot using health questionnaires as a tool. Methodology: a systematic review of articles has been carried out following the PRISMA method in several data bases. The terms used as MeSH scientific directories have been: “patient health questionnaire”, “quality of life”, “diabetic foot”, “foot ulcer” and “amputation”. Results: a total amount of 6 observational studies with a moderate or low bias risk published between 2016 and 2021 have been chosen. They measured health-related quality of life in patients with diabetic foot through different health questionnaires that showed these patients’ vulnerability. Conclusions: quality of life in patients with diabetic foot is considerably fragile and it is important to use a health questionnaire like EQ-5D, HAQ-20, Edmont Frail Scale, SF-12, SF-36 and DFS-SF to detect physical, emotional and social weakness in time, as well as self-care deficit, allowing for an adequate treatment.
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